Agriculture Sector The Backbone Of Indian Economy

Agriculture has been backbone of Indian economy sine ancient times. Agriculture has been basic occupation for Indian people. Near about 70 percent of population in India is dependent on agriculture for its livelihood. Extremely of fertile land is available in India. Fecund land is favorable for production of fruits, crops, minerals etc. Farmers proceeds care of entire process of agriculture like sowing seeds, harvesting crops, watering, etc. The equipments used for plough, tractor, bullocks etc. Nowadays farmers are using modern technologies and equipments for agriculture bourn.

India is well known for its agriculture knowledge. People from distant places come here to study agriculture science. Maximal revenue is generated from agriculture sector in India. Farmers in India are well soil, land fertility, quality of seeds, etc. Farmers have knowledge about what to produce and when. In recent past number of poor farmers are committing suicide due to improper cultivation and loss in the field. Government has introduces several schemes and concessions to farmers. Government is also providing education to farmers about how to increase the productivity of land. Initially farmers used the fertilizers, pesticides, and seeds un - proportionally which reduces the productivity of land. Now government is taking care that farmers are educated properly about every activities in farming. Government is taking - care that farmers receive good return from their cultivations.

In present scenario there are many places in India where agriculture is not given importance. People fail to understand the importance of this sector. Very few people select this field as career or occupation. In India farmers are manipulated by middlemens. They just look for commissions and income for themselves but forget the hard work of farmers. Even today in some places farmers are exploited by the landlords. The revenues from agriculture sector have increased after introduction of modern technologies in farming. Now government is also taking several measures to improve this sector. Many changes and improvements are required to increase the revenue generated from this sector.

In small region of India the system of landlords still exists. Farmers take loans from the landlords but fail to return it as less revenue is generated. As a penalty the landlords capture or takeover the land of farmers. Some of the drawbacks in Indian agriculture are improper irrigation facilities, scarcity of essential commodities, and low financial ability of farmers, non availability of quality seeds, fertilizer and chemicals. The result of these entire drawbacks is backwardness of agriculture in India. Considering the serious issued in agriculture sector government is taking several measures to improve the productivity of agriculture sector.

Chemical Industry - The Backbone of Agricultural Development

Over long time, human food and apparel depended mainly on agriculture. Instant ever since the ancient time, agriculture had always relied on a lot of human labor, which was subject to various kinds of natural conditions. So the development of agriculture was very slow. During the 19th century, the use of agricultural machinery gradually improved the working conditions. However, in agricultural production, it was the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that really increased the agricultural yield in per unit area.

Practice shows that, among all the measures to increase the agricultural production, the role played by chemical fertilizers is 40 % to 65 %. On the basis of the booming in the petrochemical industry, synthetic ammonia and urea have realized large - scale production, which makes the output of chemical fertilizer occupy a large proportion in the chemical products. In 1985, the total output of chemical fertilizer in the world amounted to approximately 140 million ton, which made it become one of the bulk chemical products. In recent years, the development of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and trace elements fertilizer has further meet the demands of different soil structures and different crops.

In the early period, people used natural animals, plants and minerals to prevent and treat crop pests and diseases. Until the late 19th century, after the formation of modern chemical industry, people began to use arsenic preparation to kill beetles on potato, and use Bordeaux mixture to prevent and treat downy mildew on grapes, so that agriculture began a new era of chemical prevention and treatment. During the 1940s, a lot of pesticides and herbicides, such as organic chlorine, organic phosphorus, were produced and widely used in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and public health. However, some of the pesticides during this period were rich in residues or poison, which caused ecological pollution, so they had been banned by many countries.

In recent years, a number of efficient, low - residue, low - toxicity pesticides have been developed, including pyrethroid, which is a bionic pesticide and will not pollute the environment. It has been put into industrial production. As a result, bio - pesticides have become the most active areas in pesticide research currently.

What ' s more, plastic film ( such as high pressure polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, etc. ) has been applied in modern agriculture, which is used for mulching film or greenhouse seedlings. It can significantly increase the output of the crops, so it is now being popularized on a large area.